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SEISMIC RESPONSE OF BUILDING BASE ISOLATED WITH FILLED RUBBER BEARINGS UNDER EARTHQUAKES OF DIFFERENTS CHARACTERISTIC

seismic base isolation is now accepted practice , in many parts of world , for protecting important buildings from earthquake forces . for low to moderate height buildings , natural rubber bearing has often been considered suitable because of its durability and easier fabrication . Many recent studies showed that low stiffnes of base isolation systems could cause unacceptable large displacement of ground floor of building necessitating substansial amount of damping in the isolation system .

INTRODUCTIONThe base isolation system consists in introducing low stiffness bearings and damper between foundation and superstructure. Bearings provide the needed flexibility to the combined system so as to shift its first mode natural frequency away from predominant frequency of the design earthquake motion. This results in the reduction of inertial forces and accelerations several times. The idea behind base isolation has been proposed again and again for at least a century. Earlier the elastomeric bearings were made up of natural rubber, which possess very low energy dissipating capacity resulting in unacceptably high displacements at isolation level. Recent advances in rubber technology have enabled the manufacturers of these bearings to have better control over the structural properties of the rubber. This is achieved by mixing suitable amount of certain chemicals in the natural rubber. These filled rubbers can be used efficiently in the manufacture of isolation bearings. The laminated rubber bearings made by these filled rubbers have high initial stiffness, which reduces, at high level of shear strains. Therefore, behavior of these bearings can be simulated by bilinear curve. The area of hysteretic loop i.e. damping for an earthquake event is controlled by yield force and post-to-pre yield stiffness ratio of the bearing which can be controlled by fillers. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effectiveness of base isolation by filled rubber bearing and influence of bearing parameters viz. post-to-pre yield stiffness ratio and yield displacement on the isolation damping of a six storey reinforced concrete building excited undirectionally with ground motions having different characteristics.

FILLED RUBBER BEARINGSThe isolation system considered in this study is elastomeric bearing. The most common elastomers used in elastomeric bearings are natural rubber, neoprene rubber, butyl rubber and nitrile rubber. The mechanical properties of natural rubber are superior to those of most synthetic elastomers used for seismic isolation bearings. Therefore natural rubber is most frequently recommended material for use in elastomeric bearings followed by neoprene. Butyl rubbers are suitable for low temperature applications and nitrile rubber have limited application in offshore oil structure.